I'll try my best based on our experience. Our build was May through November:
Before the digging (in May) we sat down with the millwork people to pick out cabinets, trim, doors and the stain colors (This was in April - not sure why this was necessary as we had to meet with them again in July and again in late August to finalize everything and I found out later that my countertop didn't even get ordered until September - I could have changed it up until then) I also met with the flooring people at this time and started looking at samples (also silly because I ended up dropping them and picking out new stuff with a new vendor in late June/early July (the important thing with flooring, I think, is to line up your installers so you are on their schedule when you need them. If you order "in stock" items you can generally get it within a few weeks)
Shingles and windows first and I think fascia and soffit too (this was shortly after they had the framing up)
Shortly after that, siding. [Be ready with these choices. I found that they came up quickly and, of course, once chosen cannot be changed]
In June we met with the lighting people and ordered lights. Another process that can vary greatly. We ended up buying ceiling fans and different light fixtures at Home Depot while the electrians were here. They said, "we're here, we'll install whatever you bring us." In our experience, we could have changed our light choices up until the very last minute.
We picked out plumbing choices in late July / early August.
[I wish I would have kept better track of the finishes I used on both plumbing and lighting - I mixed too many finishes, in part because I thought I would "remember" what I picked in each bathroom and I didn't remember correctly. As a result my lights and plumbing fixtures don't match in my guest bath]
As mentioned, we picked the flooring in July/early August.
Appliance choices were due by September (They needed this as they started to build the kitchen cabinets)
About this time, we were also picking out the garage door, front door, and porch columns.
Once your drywall goes up, you need to seriously think about paint choices. Of course, you'll want to have your flooring finalized to choose the paint.
Towards the end, you'll also need the little things like outlet covers, vent covers, door knobs.
It's really easy to get very uptight about choices. I wish I would have had more consistency throughout the house - like all oil rubbed bronze fixtures - plumbing and lights. Instead, I have a big mix. It does not look bad but I notice it.
On the plus side, if you pick things you love, everywhere you look in the house you will see something you love and that's all that matters.
Q
Colors
Q